Representing a stable environment by egocentric updating and invariant representations

To represent a stable environment despite the experience of changes during self movements, one can either develop an invariant allocentric representation, or update the egocentric representations as one moves. Using a disorientation paradigm, three sets of studies investigated these mechanisms in human navigation and scene recognition. Accuracy in the configuration of multiple object localization is impaired by disorientation, an effect not due to artifacts such as memory deterioration over time, intervening physical activities, uncertainty in self position and orientation, etc., suggesting one can locate objects primarily by updating their egocentric positions as she or he moves. Disorientation also impaired the judgment of changes to a scene after viewer movements, suggesting a similar egocentric updating process. On the contrary, representation of the shape of the surroundings is invariant and persists through disorientation. The coexistence of multiple mechanisms may increase the flexibility and robustness of the system.     

Geometric reasoning under uncertainty for map-based localization

Map-based navigation in outdoor terrain lacking man-made structures or other highly distinctive landmarks can produce severe localization problems. This paper presents an approach to navigation which implements high level geometric reasoning and matching strategies based on those used by skilled human navigators. This approach, which is demonstrated on a real example involving imagery of mountainous terrain obtained with a video camera and USGS map data, is designed to avoid many of the pitfalls occurring when an attempt is made to navigate by modeling the environment mathematically. It exploits feature attributes which cannot be easily expressed quantitatively but are central to the successful human navigation process.     

再入体激波层和近尾流热辐射实验研究

本文介绍了在弹道靶设备上对再入速度下模型的热辐射进行的实验研究工作。铝、高硅氧和聚碳酸酯三种材料的模型在速度为4.5～6.0(km/s),压力为600—8000Pa条件下做了实验,在258nm—1100nm光谱范围内完成了九个波段的辐射测量,给出了三种材料模型的辐射光谱分布曲线。结果表明辐射量除了受环境条件影响外,还强烈地依赖于模型材料;由烧蚀产物引起的辐射通量主要在可见光和近红外区(465nm以上)。估算了烧蚀产物引起的辐射加热率,对头部和近尾流辐射通量做了比较。     

微波衰减测量过程失控的原因分析及解决方案

针对高频串联替代法微波衰减测量标准装置测量过程所出现的失控现象 ,从测量标准仪器、被测仪器、测量方法、人为因素等方面分析了失控的原因 ,制定并实施了相应的解决方案 ,使测量过程恢复到统计受控状态     

一种新的四路激光跟踪坐标测量系统的基点标定方法

在激光跟踪三维坐标测量系统中,系统首先要经过标定,才可以进行实际测量。因此系统标定的准确度会直接影响系统最终测量准确度。为了提高标定准确度,提出一种新的标定方法,即利用直线法原理,在优化布局下,采用两路激光干涉仪测量出基点的三维坐标。仿真结果表明目标点相对于基点呈对称分布时,测得的基点坐标准确度比非对称分布时高6到7倍,并通过实验得出了在该优化布局下的基点坐标。     

影响激光外差高精度计量的几个关键因素

共光路外差干涉仪具有很高的分辨率,但因为安装、调试误差会产生非线性误差,影响系统的测量精度.所以着重分析了影响激光外差计量精度的4个关键因素,即频率混叠、不同被测金属的相位跳变、被测表面的倾斜及物镜的数值孔径;利用激光外差及矢量分析理论,深入研究了频率混叠误差和相位跳变误差的成因、变化规律,并讨论了提高测量系统精度的有效措施.对正确设计和调试激光外差测试系统、提高测量系统精度具有重要意义.     

介质粘性对椭圆齿轮流量计性能影响的研究

本文根据粘性流体力学原理和转子动力学理论,分析了椭圆齿轮流量计的缝隙漏流和转子受力状况,建立了能预测介质粘性对流量计误差特性和压力损失影响的理论模型。数值计算表明,理论值与实验数据基本吻合。     

软件测试的度量方法及其应用

软件测试是找出软件中的错误,它是保证软件质量的关键,软件测试的度量是对影响软件测试的属性所进行的定量测量.本文简述了应用软件测试度量技术时所应具有的基本知识,通过一个实例,介绍并讨论了一种实用的关于软件测试进度安排和软件错误数的度量方法.     

粒子图象电影测速技术

本文介绍一种粒子图象电影测速技术,该技术采用机械调制装置及光学透镜,将连续输出的氩离子激光调制成周期性脉冲片光源序列,并与快速照相枪匹配,可以连续拍摄流场一个截面上随时间发展过程中不同瞬态的一系列两次或多次曝光的粒子图象底片,因而不仅可以取得流动一个截面上的瞬时二维速度场,并且可以获得该流动截面速度场发展的时间历程,为定量研究非定常流动随时间的发展特性提供了一种有效途径。     

扭叶片型面在线检测的研究

以汽轮机700mm扭叶片为对象,在XK5040数控机床上,进行了型面误差在线检测的研究。